Why The Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered - 1582 Words

Why the Legal Drinking Age should Be Lowered Ever since its creation in ancient times, alcohol has been used for many reasons and purposes. Since then, controversies have risen on the topic of alcohol consumption and production. Among these controversies is that of the legal drinking age. While that age is 21 years, the legal age for smoking and for holding political posts is 18 years, and the legal age for consent for sex is 16 years – two of which are activities that are equally, if not more, detrimental to one’s health than consuming alcohol. Because the legal ages for the latter three activities and drinking are discrepant, and because many people who are under the age of 21 years drink despite its illegality, the legal age should be lowered accordingly. According to the state law, once an individual is 18 years old, he or she has the rights to vote and to be voted for. These laws mean that an individual who is the age of 18 years can run for public office. However, the national law also states that an individual who is under the age of 21 years and consumes alcohol is underage. By reason, this means that the government is permitting underage individuals to run for, and hold, a public office. To hold a public office requires a great deal of decision making and critical thinking. As the head of a city, a mayor officially speaks for both the government and the community. In all statutory cities, and in most charter cities, the mayor is the presiding officer and aShow MoreRelatedShould The Minimum Drinking Age Be Lowered?1138 Words   |  5 Pagesboredom, sadness, insomnia, and rebellion. These are just a few reason why people may consume alcohol. The category of people also includes teenagers. Many on-going debates have flagged this question whether drinking should be lowered to eighteen or not? Citizens have gave details regarding the affirmative and negative views of the minimum drinking age be lowered to eighteen. Do you think that it is wise to lower the minimum age? Would you look at the negative and positive impacts? Is it more importantRead MoreEighteen is too Dangerous886 Words   |  4 PagesHas anyone been harmed from underage drinking that you may know of, whether it’s from over dosing or a severe car accident? The topic of lowering the drinking age to eighteen in the United States is very debatable subject because many people have a difficult time deciding which side to support. Many of the negative issues for the low drinking age would have of an effect on the future, which is why the reform should not be put into action. Reasons include health issues, irresponsibility, and deathsRead MoreWhy Lowering The Drinking Age Is A Good Idea?. Lowering1627 Words   |  7 PagesWhy Lowering the Drin king Age is a Good Idea? Lowering the drinking age to 18 in the United States has been a source of controversy in recent years. It has been a controversial topic because many people disagree, while many agree with the topic. For example, the people who disagree and are against lowering the drinking age to 18 believe we should not lower the drinking age because 18 year old individuals are not responsible enough to drink alcohol. While, the people who agree we should lower theRead MoreLowering Legal Drinking Age Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesLowering the Drinking Age Half the United States population starts drinking at the age of 14.When you are 18 you have privileges like joining the army. (Mitch Adams Lowering the drinking age page 1) You can go to war and die for your country but you still can not enjoy an ice cold beer. (Mitch Adams Lowering the drinking age page 1) How is being 21 different from being 18? How does three more years of not drinking make you mature enough to drink? The longer you drink the more you start toRead MoreLegalizing the Drinking Age to 181624 Words   |  7 PagesLegalizing the Drinking Age to 18 When people turn to the age of eighteen, they are finally considered an adult. They can join the army, have the right to vote, buy cigarettes or tobacco products, get a tattoo and even die for our country, but they aren’t allowed to buy alcohol? A person can be responsible enough to live on his or her own, make money, pay bills, and yet they are not old enough to purchase or consume any type of alcohol. Underage drinking has been a major controversial issue forRead MoreMinimum Legal Drinking Age ( Tietjen )1700 Words   |  7 PagesMinimum Legal Drinking Age On July 17 of 1984 President Ronald Reagan signed to make the National Minimum Drinking Age Act a law. This law required all states to have a minimum drinking age of 21, if a state did not comply with this law they could face up to a 10% cut in funding for their federal highways (Tietjen). Since this act became a law there has been two distinct sides arguing whether they agree with the minimum drinking age, or whether they disagree. One side believes having a minimum drinkingRead MoreThe Minimum Drinking Age Act1700 Words   |  7 PagesNational Minimum Drinking Age Act made all 50 states raise the legal drinking age to 21(Dejong). The debate is on whether the age should be lowered or not. Statistically, having the age at 21 has been very helpful in keeping the nation safe. If there is not an issue with age now, would it make sense to lower the age and create unnecessary problems? In this case, the negative effects outweigh the positive. Simply because there is no good in lowering the age. The legal drinking age has been set atRead MoreThe Dangers of Underage Drinking775 Words   |  4 PagesTeens under the legal minimum age of alcohol should not drink, nor should it be lowered. Researchers say that giving alcoholic beverages under 21 could create a lethal addiction and would not have the responsibility to drink. If teens drink a certain amount of alcohol it could be lethal by alcohol poisoning. â€Å"Alcohol can enter the blood stream; binge drinkers can ingest a fatal dose of alcohol before passing out.† (â€Å"Binge Drinking Can Be Fatal†). The legal minimum age should not be lowered, teens underRead MoreDrinking Age Drinking847 Words   |  4 Pagesthe drinking age should be lowered to eighteen like most of the world or if it should stay at twenty-one. Underage drinking has been a major questionable issue for years, yet why is it not under control? Teenagers are continuing to buy alcohol with fake identification cards, getting into bars an d drinking illegally. As a recent teen, I have proof that these things are going on not only in college but in high school as well. There are a lot of factors that come together to why the drinking age shouldRead MoreMinimum Legal Drinking Age Should Remain at the Age of 21 Essay1310 Words   |  6 PagesWithout a doubt, the United States has been facing serious national problems with underage drinking. Depending on personal ideologies, some people might not agree that the current minimum drinking age of twenty-one is based on scientific facts rather then ideology of prohibitionism. For example, since 1975 over seventeen thousand lives have been saved since the minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) was changed to age twenty-one (Balkin 167). This shows that even over a short amount of time, a higher MLDA

Suicide Is A Serious Public Health Problem - 2089 Words

Introduction Suicide is the tenth leading cause of death in the United States and approximately forty thousand Americans commit suicide annually (CDC, 2013). Globally, there are 14.5 suicides per 100,000 people (Hawton van Heeringen, 2009). Suicide is the act of purposefully causing one’s own demise and is complex; it could be due to a wide variety of risk factors and social determinants. Many people that have committed suicide have a mental disorder that could have been treated, thus suicide could have been prevented. Suicidal ideation, which is thoughts of hurting or killing oneself, can also lead to suicide if help is not sought (Bridge, Goldstein Brent, 2006). As many resources as there are available to prevent suicide, people are†¦show more content†¦From 1999 to 2005, the overall suicide rate increased by 0.7% in the general population and significantly rose in the African American population (Bridge, Goldstein Brent, 2006). Studies have shown that suicide rates quadrupl ed in adolescents who lived in a home with firearms. There is an approximation of ten to twenty-five attempted suicides for every completed suicide and that estimation rises for adolescents and young adults to one hundred to two hundred attempts for every completed suicide (Maris 2002). From 2000 to 2010, the rate of suicide increased to 12.3 from 10.4 completed suicides per 100,000 people. The prevalence of suicide in 2012 was 12.6 per 100,000 people (CDC, 2012). Biomedical and Scientific Understanding of Suicide There are many causes, contributing factors, and risk factors that lead people to commit suicide. Many people have mental disorders, relationship problems, or mental disabilities that lead them to commit suicide. Societal pressure and change are also factors. People may commit suicide for a variety of reasons and some suicides have to do with genetics as well. Risk Factors of Suicide Risk factors are qualities or exposures that increase the prospect of developing an injury or disease. There are a variety of risk factors of those who commit or attempt suicide. However, it is important to note that not all of the risk factors lead to

Wake Forest University President Nathan O’Hatch Essay Free Essays

string(44) " cognition of information from each lesson\." Wake Forest University President Nathan O’Hatch hinted that the success of the University has come straight from the pupils that inhabit the establishment. along with the campus atmosphere created by them. He confirms that the university strives to obtain a vibrant and tickle pinking community that moves toward success through instruction and character development. We will write a custom essay sample on Wake Forest University President Nathan O’Hatch Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now I believe that Wake Forest University is seeking for pupils who will go forth a positive impact on the constitution while holding a strong concentration on their ends. I believe that my rational growing and experiences. spiritual background. and morally driven values and features will lend greatly to the enlargement of the Wake Forest community. Lou Holtz one time quoted. â€Å"Ability is what you’re capable of making. Motivation determines what you do. Attitude determines how good you do it. † This inspirational committedness to dispute your head to achieve success each and every twenty-four hours measures the accomplishments that a individual will accomplish throughout their life. Throughout my high school calling. I have experienced many educational chances and held many leading functions that were critical to determining my hereafter. A person’s ability. motive. and attitude are imperative features that define their motivations throughout all of their enterprises. I have found it really of import for one to environ oneself with positive influences. along with a diverse group of people in order to spread out and turn as an person. If one converses with the same community each twenty-four hours. they will ne’er dispute themselves in their cognition. and in bend become less intellectually rounded. I strive to be an active pupil in my school who engulfs many thoughts and is all-around in the facet of instruction and extra-curricular activities in order to go forth a positive impact on my equals for the improvement of my hereafter. and theirs. At the beginning of high school. I embarked in a plan that has impacted my life in many ways. I have been molded into a confident leader who strives to do a positive impact at my high school. and on my community. due to my adviser and my personal committedness. This organisation was Student Council. In the 9th and 10th class. I was elected Secretary and so Vice President of my category. I so was nominated and selected to function as the 2nd frailty president of the full pupil organic structure. which finally set me up to be the Student Body President my senior twelvemonth. I have grown into a individual through experiences that have come along as a consequence of my being an active portion of the Student Council. My organisational accomplishments have proved effectual as I have planned and implemented many thoughts throughout my high school calling in Student Council. I have actively planned three Homecoming skits and dances. four spring dances. three Powder-puff games. two contrivance ball tourneies. three Mr. Cardinal Cabarrus Pageants. two volleyball tourneies. and many more events as a head leader in leading category and Student Council at my school. During my last two old ages as the Student Body 2nd Vice President and Student Body President. I have actively led the council in a way that has non been travelled earlier as we have embarked on a community service undertaking and active engagement throughout the community. As the 2nd frailty president of my council. we successfully raised $ 19. 000 for Juvenile Diabetes through fundraisers including a contrivance ball tourney. a spring dance. and many other little undertakings. We have set ourselves a challenge of transcending this end as a school this twelvemonth. I have organized the council to take part in the Particular Olympic Games at the Cabarrus Arena for the past three old ages to back up and promote these astonishing jocks. I strive to take the council and my school with a positive force that places a strong accent on community service and school improvement undertakings. Student Council has allowed me to work with the disposal and high degree functionaries in the community. edifice assurance in myself along with fostering my societal accomplishments. On legion occasions. I have submitted proposals to the principal and school board to implement events. and I have had to professionally stand as the pupil body’s voice as I discuss these issues with functionaries of our community. Although defeated after the Renaissance breakfast was rejected. I responded with enthusiasm to get down the following undertaking of Darfur Awareness Week. a cause for which I am really passionate. I have actively taken a function in the Beta Club. Mu Alpha Theta Math Club. National Honors Society. and Junior Civitan Club. as I hope to make everything in my power to go forth a bequest at Central Cabarrus High School. I strive to go forth the school in a better topographic point than I found the booming constitution. On an educational footing. I have enlisted in legion advanced arrangement and awards classs to foster my rational ability throughout my in-between school and high school calling. Currently. I am disputing myself to finish two strict classs dwelling of AP English IV along with AP Government merely in this semester. These two categories are the most demanding at our school. and I am one of merely 10 persons of each category who dared to face these two challenging classs in the same semester. I admire each person in these categories and larn new thoughts and beliefs by environing myself with these astonishing and bright pupils. In my AP English category. I have been exposed to many doctrines. and many signifiers of literature. including Shakespearian sonnets and dramas. which I would hold antecedently ne’er studied. In AP Government. I have watched and analyzed the differing positions of Democrats. Libertarians. and Republicans as we analyze the modern fundamental law and judicial system. I have set a high end of myself to accomplish success in each category with a wide cognition of information from each lesson. You read "Wake Forest University President Nathan O’Hatch Essay" in category "Essay examples" If I keep a strong focal point on my ability. motive. and attitude. I will go on wining in each of these categories. I believe Wake Forest University President indicates the success of the University comes straight from the character development and diverseness which is learned from environing oneself with persons of rational and diverse backgrounds. and this is something that I have learned to encompass. Along with disputing me each twenty-four hours to intellectually turn from my experiences and instruction. the importance of Christianity has impacted and shaped my life in many countries. I was blessed to hold the chance to go to a Christian school until the age of 13. which assisted in modeling me into a compassionate. honest. and respectable person. I received a all-around instruction that allowed me to apportion a strong moral background and foundation for my life. I learned the importance of maintaining a respectable repute. giving back to the community. and go oning to pattern unimportance before God. I have been a Christian for every bit long as I can remember and hold grown as an person due to this committedness. I have challenged myself to distributing the many approvals of God and representing a positive Christian attitude in my every twenty-four hours encounters. I have portrayed an active function throughout the community and have an aspiration of doing a difference in every bit many lives as possible. As the Student Body President. a member of leading category. and the Varsity Cheerleading Captain. I have had the chance to accomplish my aspiration already in my adolescent old ages. I am really active in Race for the Cure. Walk for Juvenile Diabetes. Particular Olympics. Join the World of Winners. and Darfur Relief attempts. It is highly critical to take part in volunteer community service undertakings for the good of your community. I have served as a voluntary Particular Olympics Cheerleading manager for a gym in my country. As I have surrounded myself with these kids on a hebdomadal footing. I have learned the importance of dedication. open-mindedness. forbearance. optimism. and compassion. They have challenged me to populate up to their criterion. which in return has played a immense function in the footing of my character. The nazarene one time quoted. â€Å"It is more blest to given than to receive† ( Acts 20:35 ) . With this poetry in head. a individual can turn to see the importance of giving and. in return. having the satisfaction of impacting a person’s life. As an eight twelvemonth old. I was one of five misss to raise $ 10. 000 for the Masonic Home for Children in Henderson. North Carolina. This astonishing experience left me passionate about assisting others at an early age after seeing the impact that I had left on the lives of those kids after we delivered the cheque. As I have visited legion nursing places and kids infirmaries throughout my life-time and straight met victims of the current Darfur race murder. I have learned the impact that an person can go forth on another individual necessitating support. With Wake Forest constructing their foundation upon a Baptist. Christian doctrine. my desire to make out and assist those in demand along with representing Christian character shows my willingness to go on to construct upon the Wake Forest Community. Due greatly to my educational growing and spiritual background. I have developed many features that will greatly profit me throughout my life. After being selected as the Student Body President. I have had the privilege to take Student Council and the Student Body in all of our enterprises. I have learned so many of import qualities such as the importance of teamwork. dependability. dedication. and the ability to actuate a group of persons throughout the leading roles that I have held oover my high school calling. My leading adviser has inspired me to turn as a individual and spread out my leading qualities into going the most successful leader that I can go. Over the last three old ages. I have become closer and closer to one of my end: Endeavoring to obtain success through maintaining a positive attitude and taking a life of solid moral character. With each of the nines and activities that I have been active in. I have learned duty and committedness is the cardinal to triumph. After my 2nd twenty-four hours of AP English. I was asked to declaim a address refering the subject â€Å"Who I am. Who I am not† . I was really nervous and exhausted much clip fixing for what turned out to be an inspirational address of what I strive to achieve each and every twenty-four hours. After finishing the address. my English instructor asked me to give this address to her Varsity Volleyball squad. I was so esteemed and dying. and before their large game I recited the address to them. This meant an huge trade to me. and I was really thankful to make my best to animate this astonishing squad. Through my English teacher’s encouragement. and my Leadership advisor’s inspiration. I have become a more relaxed and comfy public talker along with constructing a strong leading character to follow with me throughout my life. I am a individual who strives to construct upon my leading qualities for the improvement of myself along with maintaining an unfastened head to all thoughts of persons as I build on my values and features. Wake Forest University seeks to â€Å"wed cognition with experience† merely as a leader must make each and every twenty-four hours. â€Å"Two roads diverged in the wood and I took the 1 less traveled by. and that has made all of the difference. † Throughout an individual’s life they encounter many waies and determinations that define them as a individual. They must sometimes take the best way for their life in fixing for their future aspirations. As a individual of high motive. I ever choose to dispute myself with high ends and new challenges. Sadly. in today’s modern universe it seems that the route less travelled is the right route ; the route where. alternatively of walking entirely through life ne’er taking notice of others. a individual stops along the manner to make out a manus to assist those who are left by the roadside. This is the way which I have chosen to take for myself. I use all of my life experiences to construct upon my life and accomplish all ends that I strive to carry through. I believe that with a diverse instruction. strong spiritual background. and character inspiration to going a great leader. I will greatly lend to the Wake Forest community. Nathan O’Hatch’s congratulations to the beautiful campus and community of Wake Forest illustrates the purpose of go oning to construct upon one of the greatest universities in the state. I strive to be a alone person with high ends to go forth an impact on the universe. I am ready to run into the challenge of go oning to spread out Wake Forest University through instruction and experience. How to cite Wake Forest University President Nathan O’Hatch Essay, Essay examples

Health Professionals and Immigration Detention in Australia

Question: Discuss about the Health Professionals and Immigration Detention in Australia. Answer: The present application has been made on the basis of the instructions that have been given by Sukhon Chaiprasit who is a client of mine and a citizen of Vietnam. In the present application, the waiver of condition 8503 has been requested as this condition has been imposed on the visa of Sukhon and the visa is going to expire within a month so that applicant may apply for subclass 602 Class UB Medical Treatment visa. In this context, the 8503 conditioning goes on the visa of Sukhon provides that the holder of the visa will not be permitted to make an application for any other substantive visa, apart from a protection visa for the time, the visa holder remains in Australia. At the same time, as a result of the imposition of this condition, it is also required that the visa holder should leave Australia in case he or she wants to make application for another substantial visa.[1] The result is that after the expiry of the current visa, the visa holder will no longer be allowed to stay in Australia. However, the condition 8503 imposed on the visa of Sukhon can be waived if she fulfills the criteria prescribed by Regulations 2.05(4)[2] and also in accordance with subsection 41(2)(a), Migration Act.[3] According to the provisions of regulation 2.05(4), it has been provided that condition 8503 imposed on the visa of a person can be waived if it can be established before the Minister that there has been a significant change of circumstances, after the visa was granted to such a person. At the same time, it also needs to be established that the change in the circumstances of the person was beyond the control of the person who is looking for the waiver of condition 8503 and at the same time, the change has resulted in a noteworthy alteration in the situation of such a person. Another requirement in this case is that the person should not have made any other application and similarly no application for the waiver of the condition 8503 should have been denied. My client, Sukhon fulfills all the qualifications that have been mentioned by section 41(2)(a), Migration Act and also the requirements of regulation 2.05(4) and in this way, it can be said that she qualifies for the waiver of condition 8503 that has been imposed on her visa in view of the below mentioned reasons. When Sukhon was returning after dinner, she was attacked by some persons in Melbourne's CBD. This attack took place a week ago. The doctors from the hospital where she received the treatment strongly recommended that Sukhon should not travel at least for six months due to the fact that she had received the confessions when she was attacked on that night. At the same time, Sukhon also has to visit the hospital after every two days for her checkup. The expenses of a treatment are being paid by the Crimes Compensation Tribunal. The prosecutors also want Sukhon to become a witness when the proceedings are initiated against the attackers. It also needs to be mentioned that she had no control over this change in circumstances and moreover, Sukhon did not have any role in this incident. She had no role in the attack and had not contributed in any way in this violence as has been the case in Minister for Immigration and Multicultural affairs v Farahanipour[4] where the court stated that the waiver of condition 8503 imposed on the visa applicants will not be available if the applicant also had a part in these circumstances. But in the present case, Sukhon did not have any role to play in this incident. Another case that can be cited in support of the applicant is that of Nguyen v Minister. In this case, the applicant was from Vietnam and visited Australia by holding a business visa and condition 8503 was imposed on the visa of the applicant. However the applicant married an Australian citizen and within a week, applied for the spousal visa. In its support, the applicant argued that in view of the marriage of the applicant, condition 8503 imposed on the visa of the applicant should be waived.[5][6] But in this case, the court was of the view that the circumstance of being married to an Australian citizen cannot be treated as compelling circumstances. But in the present case, compassionate and compelling circumstances are present in waive the condition 8503 imposed on the visa of Sukhon. Therefore, Sukhon wants that the Minister should use his discretion by invoking section 41, Migration Act and waive the condition 8503 that has been imposed on her visa. In the present case, she fulfils the qualifications and the circumstances contemplated by Regulation 2.05. Hence, the waiver of condition 8503 imposed on her visa is sought in this applicant. Yours sincerely Attorney of Sukhon Chaiprasit The relevant provision could deal with this issue has been mentioned in section 48, Migration Act, 1958. This section provides that the applicants cannot make any further application for visa in Australia, other than the circumstances where the applicant applies for a bridging visa, enforcement or a criminal Justice visa.[7] Under these circumstances, the application for visa that has been made by the former agent of Sukhon can be said to be invalid. The reason behind this conclusion is that condition 8503 was present on the visa granted to her and the legislative requirements that have been mentioned in section 48, Migration Act. Under these circumstances, it is clear that a valid visa application could not be made by Sukhon as provided by section 46, Migration Act. Another reason due to which the application that had been lodged by the former immigration agent of Sukhon is invalid is due to the reason that the former agent did not seek that condition 8503 imposed on her visa should be waived before the application for another substantial visa was made. According to Regulations 2.05, it has been described that the first requirement for the applicants is that they should apply to the Minister and see the better of condition 8503 before they can make an application for another visa. The laws of provides that when the application for the condition 8503 has been denied, the applicant can only make an application for a bridging visa for the purpose of making arrangements to depart from Australia. It has been mentioned in section 46, Migration Act that the visa application can be treated as invalid in case the applicant is a migration zone and the visa granted to the applicant had a condition imposed, that has been mentioned in paragraph 41(2) and when the Minister has not waived this condition as provided in subsection 41(2)(a) and is of the opinion that according to the present circumstances, the application for visa is not entitled to be allowed.[8] In this way, when condition 8503 has been attached on visa, the legal effect of this situation is that such a person can no longer make a valid application for any other substantive visa while such person is still in Australia. Section 48, Migration Act as mentioned in this regard that a visa has been declined to a non-citizen or the visa of the non-citizen has been canceled, can only apply for a particular class of visa. The effect of this situation is that when a visa has been declined to the applicant, except a bridging visa, when it was applied for by non-citizen or when it was considered according to the provisions of section 109, the person is allowed to apply for the particular class of visa that is described in this regard and not for any other class. Therefore, in view of the situation, it has been provided by section 48 that a substantive visa is a bridging visa, criminal justice or an enforcement visa. In this context, section 48(3) of the Act provides that when a person is precluded from using a bridging visa in order to avoid the application under section 48 while traveling globally. The conditions need to be prescribed in accordance with regulations 2.05(1) and (2). In view of the legal provisions mentioned above, it can be said that in this case Sukhon can make an application to the Minister by establishing that compelling/compassionate circumstances are present due to which it can be testified that she lodges an application while she is still in Australia. 3. In this question, it needs to be decided if there has been a breach of code of conduct by the former immigration agent appointed by Sukhon. Therefore in the answer, it can be said that indeed there has been a breach of the code of conduct on the part of the immigration agent that was earlier appointed by Sukhon. For example, it was a breach of the code of conduct as the former immigration agent was well aware of the fact that when condition 8503 is attached, there are very constricting chances of making a visa application and it should be used only in case of very rare circumstances.[9] The law provides that it should not be used as an alternative to fulfilling the criteria for making an application for visa, for example having the intention of visiting someone. The relevant legal provisions that deals with such a situation is present in schedule 2, code of conduct according to which, it is required that the registered migration agents should act in accordance with law and try to protect the legitimate interests of their clients. It is also required by the code of conduct that the agents should deal competently, diligently and fairly with their clients. However, going against these requirements, the former agent of Sukhon did not according to the best interests of Sukhon, who was his client. The reason is that in this case, Sukhon should have applied for subclass 602 Class UB Medical Treatment visa but ignoring these requirements, an application was made by the former agent of Sukhon even when he knew very well that condition 8503 has been attached to her visa. Similarly in this regard, it has been mentioned in Regulation 2.6 that the migration agents are under an obligation to consider the objective criteria of the case and they are going to apply for a visa under the Act and Regulations. After doing so, the agents should frankly tell their clients regarding the chances of success of the application. But contrary to these provisions, the agent previously hired by Sukhon did not disclose the chances of success of the application made on behalf of Sukhon. In this case, it can also be said that another provision of the code of conduct that has been breached by this migration agent was Regulation 2.19 according to which, keeping in view the instructions of the client, it is the duty of the migration agent to disclose full assessment of the facts to the Department against the relevant criteria. But in this case, the former agent applied for a visitor visa in place of the medical treatment visa and did not reflect all the circumstances of the applicant. As a result it can be said that this migration agent has prejudiced the chances of approval of his client. Bibliography Briskman, Linda, Deborah Zion, and Bebe Loff. "Challenge and collusion: health professionals and immigration detention in Australia."The International Journal of Human Rights14.7 (2010): 1092 Castles, Stephen. "Understanding global migration: A social transformation perspective"Journal of ethnic and migration studies36.10 (2010): 1565-1586 Crock, Mary, and Kate Bones, "Australian exceptionalism: Temporary protection and the rights of refugees."Melb. J. Int'l L.16 (2015): 522 Kritz, Mary M.International migration, John Wiley Sons, Ltd, 2011 M Bagaric, K Boyd, D Penny , S Tongue and J Vrachnas, Migration and Refugee Law in Australia: Cases and Commentary (Cambridge University Press, 2007) Minister for Immigration Multicultural Affairs v Farahanipour - [2001] FCA 82 Nguyen v Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs - [2001] FCA 360 Migration regulations, 1994 Migration Act, 1958

Truth And Nonviolence Will Never Be Destroyed Those Words Spoken By Ma

" Truth and nonviolence will never be destroyed" those words spoken by Mahatma Gandhi describe the true essence of his character. He was a man who unlike others decided to use nonviolence as a means of getting what he wanted. His different approach is what ultimately led to his rising popularity and strong success. Not only did Gandhi almost single-handedly free India and its five hundred million people from their long subjection to the British Empire, but he did so without raising an army, without firing a gun or taking a hostage, and without ever holding a political office. Mohandas Karamch and Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, near Bombay. Gandhi's family belonged to the merchant class called Vaisya. His father had been the Prime Minister of several small native states. At the young age of 13 Gandhi was married. The marriage was arranged with Kasturbai Makanji. At age 19 Gandhi set out to study abroad. He studied law at the University College in London. He found that there he was often looked down upon for being Indian. In 1981 Gandhi returned to India. At Natal he was the first so-called "colored" lawyer admitted to the Supreme Court. He then built a large practice. Gandhi soon became interested in the problems faced by fellow Indians who came to South Africa as laborers. He noticed how they were treated as inferiors. In 1894 he founded the Natal Indian Congress to agitate for Indian rights. In 1899, during the Boer War, he raised an ambulance corps and served the South African government. In 1906 Gandhi began his peaceful revolution. He announced that he would go to jail or even face death before he would obey an anti-Asian law. He never wavered in his unshakable belief in nonviolent protest and religious tolerance. Thousands of Indians joined him in the civil disobedience campaign. Twice Gandhi was imprisoned. He worked to reconcile all classes and religious sects, especially Hindus and Muslims. Gandhi became the international symbol of a free India. He lived a spiritual and ascetic life of prayer, fasting, and meditation. His union with his wife became, as he himself stated, that of brother and sister. Refusing earthly possessions, he wore the loincloth and shawl of the lowliest Indian and subsisted on vegetables, fruit juices, and goat's milk. Indians revered him as a saint and began tocall him Mahatma (great-souled), a title reserved for the greatest sages. Gandhi's advocacy of nonviolence, known as ahimsa (non-violence), was the expression of a way of life implicit in the Hindu religion. By the Indian pract ice of nonviolence, Gandhi held,Great Britain too would eventually consider violence useless and would leave India. When Muslim and Hindu compatriots committed acts of violence, whether against the British who ruled India, or against each other, he fasted until the fighting ceased. In 1919 he became a leader in the newly formed Indian National Congress political party. In 1920 he launched a noncooperation campaign against Britain, urging Indians to spin their own cotton and to boycott British goods, courts, and government. This led to his imprisonment from 1922 to 1924. In 1930, in protest of a salt tax Gandhi led thousands of Indians on a 200-mile march to the sea to make their own salt. he was then jailed again . This was called the "Salt March." In 1934 he retired as head of the party but remained its actual leader. Slowly Gandhi became to realize that that India would receive no real freedom as long as it remained in the British Empire. Gandhi's victory came in 1947 when India won independence. The victory was not a military victory, but a triumph of human will. The subcontinent split into tw o countries Hindu India and Muslim Pakistan. The last two months of his life were spent trying to end the appalling violence which ensued, leading him to fast to the brink of death, an act which finally quieted the riots. On Jan. 30, 1948, while on his way to prayer in Delhi, a Hindu, Nathuram Godse killed Gandhi. He had been maddened by Gandhi's efforts to reconcile Hindus and Muslims. Three shots from a small automatic pistol were which led to his final

Explore the Sombrero Galaxy

Explore the Sombrero Galaxy Way out in the direction of the constellation Virgo, some 31 million light-years from Earth, astronomers have found a most unlikely looking galaxy that is hiding a supermassive black hole at its heart. Its technical name is M104, but most people refer to it by its nickname: the Sombrero Galaxy. Through a small telescope, this distant stellar city does look a bit like a big Mexican hat. The Sombrero is incredibly massive, containing the equivalent of 800 million times the mass of the Sun, plus a collection of globular clusters, and a broad ring of gas and dust. Not only is this galaxy huge, but its also speeding away from us at a rate of a thousand kilometers per second (about 621 miles per second). Thats very fast! What is That Galaxy? At first, astronomers thought the Sombrero might be an elliptical-type galaxy with another flat galaxy embedded within it. This is because it did look more elliptical than flat. However, a closer look revealed that the puffy shape is caused by a spherical halo of stars around the central area. It also has that huge dust lane that contains starbirth regions. So, its most likely a very tightly wound spiral galaxy, the same type of galaxy as the Milky Way. How did it get that way? Theres a good chance that multiple collisions with other galaxies (and a merger or two), have changed what may have been a spiral galaxy into a more complex galactic beast. Observations with the Hubble Space Telescope and the Spitzer Space Telescope have revealed a lot of detail in this object, and theres a lot more to learn! Checking Out the Dust Ring The dust ring that sits out in the brim of the Sombrero is very intriguing. It glows in infrared light and contains most of the star-forming material of the galaxy - such materials as hydrogen gas and dust. It completely encircles the central core of the galaxy, and appears pretty wide. When astronomers looked at the ring with the Spitzer Space Telescope, it appeared very bright in infrared light. Thats a good indication that the ring is the central starbirth region of the galaxy. Whats Hiding in the Nucleus of the Sombrero? Many galaxies have supermassive black holes at their hearts, and the Sombrero is no exception. Its black hole has more than a billion times the mass of the Sun, all packed away into a tiny region. It appears to be an active black hole, eating up material that happens to cross its path. The region around the black hole emits a tremendous amount of x-ray and radio waves. The region extending out from the core does emit some weak infrared radiation, which could be traced back to heating activity fostered by the presence of the black hole. Interestingly, the core of the galaxy does appear to have a number of globular clusters swarming around in tight orbits. There may be as many as 2,000 of these very old groupings of stars orbiting the core, and may be related in some way to the very large size of the galactic bulge that houses the black hole. Where is the Sombrero? While astronomers know the general location of the Sombrero Galaxy, its exact distance was only recently determined. It seems to be about around 31 million light-years away. It does not travel the universe by itself, but does appear to have a dwarf galaxy companion. Astronomers are not quite sure if the Sombrero is actually part of a grouping of galaxies called the Virgo Cluster, or may be a member of a smaller associated group of galaxies. Want to Observe the Sombrero? The Sombrero Galaxy is a favorite target for amateur stargazers. It takes a little doing to find it, and it does require a good backyard-type scope to view this galaxy. A good star chart shows where the galaxy is (in the constellation Virgo), halfway between Virgos star Spica and the tiny constellation of Corvus the Crow. Practice star-hopping to the galaxy and then settle in for a good long look! And, youll be following in a long line of amateurs who have checked out the Sombrero. It was discovered by an amateur in the 1700s, a guy by the name of Charles Messier, who compiled a list of faint, fuzzy objects that we now know are clusters, nebulae, and galaxies.

Benefits of breast feeding and natural birthing techniques Research Paper

Benefits of breast feeding and natural birthing techniques - Research Paper Example On the other hand, nutrients in mother’s milk also help to prevent the spread of childhood infectious and noninfectious diseases. This means that the benefits of breastfeeding are limitless, and it is a momentous act a mother does to determine the present and future health of a child (Department of Health and Human Service Office on Womens Health , 2003). In the current world, breastfeeding has been considered not to be beneficial, and that infants can be fed formula milk and survive. I disagree with this and can say that formula milk will never have similar vitamins and nutrients that are in the human milk even if vitamin, minerals and supplements included in formula milk, additionally, breastfeeding is also beneficial to mothers. Firstly, breastfeeding prevents the high risks of infectious diseases on children. Research has shown that breast milk prevent children against infectious diseases like lower and upper respiratory infections than formula milk. These infections are caused by lack of immunity and antibacterial that are present in human milk, hence most children affected with these infections are those fed formula milk. Latest research has also indicated that breastfeeding helps in preventing urinary tract infections. Secondly, breastfeeding is also beneficial to children who are born as a result of pre- mature births leading to children being born before they fully develop. The term that is usually used by most medics is neurodevelopment. Studies have indicated that breastfeeding contributes to cognitive development of infants whereby children who are breastfed develop faster than those fed formula milk. However, it reduces the death rate during early childhood. Studies have indicated that most death is common in formula fed infants because there is no interaction that takes place between mother and child when breastfeeding hence, mothers’ intelligence during breastfeeding also contribute to few SIDS

Applies the lesson to analyse a real world issue Assignment

Applies the lesson to analyse a real world issue - Assignment Example This phenomenon is not unique as during the Great Depression in 1930’s the world economy underwent a similar occurrence. According to Hazlitt (1946), there is a difference between economists; good economists and bad economists. The bad economists observe the direct impacts of proposed course, whereas the good one focuses on long and indirect consequence. Teiying economic to long term predictions is the foundations of a good economist and as Brux, (2005) predicted long term economic eventualities such as poverty marks such characteristics.   This argument cannot be further from the truth. Economists have always been grouped into different groups, but the world’s most prominent group is the Keynesian school of thought. Other economic schools of thoughts that have dominated academic thoughts throughout the 20th century and even the 21st century are the monetarist school of thought and the Harvard economic school of thought. According to the Keynesian school of thought, private capital investment decreased as a result of more capacity and the deficiency in good investment opportunities (Hetzel, 2012).   In fact, the concept of Secular Stagnation, a term coined by the Keynesian school of economics and it attributed the recession to inadequate capital investment hindering full employment of labour and other economic resources. Aptly referred to as the secular stagnation theory as articulated by the Keynesian school of economics, is a marketed different from the notion propagated by the monetarist school of economics. According to the monetarist theorists the recession was as a result of the tendency of the rate of profit to decrease, and as such businesses will block investments in manufacturing plants with a decreasing rate of return. Theorists have provided different arguments on the phenomenon of low economic growth, and especially that regards the same that was realized in the industrialized

Multi line regression Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Multi line regression - Statistics Project Example atly depends on statistics in order to determine how well a country is doing in terms of trading with the relevant partners and in enhancing economic growth. In this task, the chosen dependent variable was the United States of America exports, the dependent variables selected are; oil prices, USA car prices and technological product prices. It is assumed that the selected independent variables have a direct relationship with the dependent variable. For instance, car prices will determine if the exports of the same will be higher, especially when compared to prices of cars from other countries such as Japan. In order to understand how the independent variables impact on the dependent variable, multiple regression analysis is usually utilized. Regression is a statistical analysis that is used to evaluate the association or relationship between continuous dependent and continuous independent variable (Chatterjee & Simonoff, 2013). Usually the regression analysis helps establish a number of issues such as if a relationship exists between variables, the strength of the association, the structure or form of the relationship, as well as help in predicting the values of the dependent variable and controlling for other dependent variables. This makes regression superior to correlation analysis. Ideally, regression coefficients depict the mean, variance or change variables under investigation variable for one unit of change in the predictor variable while holding other predictor variables constant in the same model. With regards to coefficients above, it is evident that when oil prices and technical product prices are held constant, the amount of exports will increase by 6.94, when car prices, and technical product prices are held constant, then exports will increase by 4.27 and lastly, when car prices and oil prices are held constant, exports will reduce by -0.52. R-square value stood at 0.9472. Coefficient of determination adjusted for the degree of freedom denoted as

Analytical Approaches in the Pharmaceutical Industry

Analytical Approaches in the Pharmaceutical Industry Miracles do happen and chances of happening such events are rare. Scientific discoveries have also seen such miracles. The approach and efforts required in scientific happenings are based on basic principles. The mode of application of these established principles differ from one stream to another stream of scientific disciplines. The principle of chemistry and physics are amalgamated to give rise to number of measuring devices. These devices are further restructured to suit application. Analytical chemistry can be defined as the science and art of determining the composition of materials in terms of their elements or compounds contained1 in it. Qualitative analysis gives useful details from which functional groups, structural features, atomic species or molecular species. Quantitative analysis gives numerical data in units i.e. percentage, parts per million, moles per liter etc. In above two types of analysis, the required data is obtained by measuring a physical property which is characteristically related to respective component of interest i.e. the analyte2. The most important aspect of analysis is quantitative analysis. The techniques of analytical chemist are of vital importance to the drug and pharmaceutical industries. Products are usually complex organic compounds or mixtures. Drugs prepared for human consumption requires strict standards of product quality be established and maintained. In past, methods of biological assay were often the only measure of product activity available. With the advent of modern instrumentation, techniques of analyst became more versatile and less time consuming, and quantitative analysis supplemented and sometimes replaced biological assay. In those instances where it is possible to establish a rigorous correlation between biological activity and chemical composition of product, analysis can be invaluable in controlling manufacturing operations as well as in determination of product purity and activity. It is noted that the progress and advancement of analytical chemistry depends to a greater extent upon an intelligent application of the fundamentals of physical chemistry and close relationship between physical and analytical chemistry. Recent rapid progress in physical methods of analysis, in many instances, resulted from pioneering investigations of scientists, principally physicists. In 1930 Willard recognized the demands being placed on analytical chemistry by rapid industrial progress. A parallel recognition of importance of analytical chemistry to industry occurred in Europe in same year. Churchill states that contribution of the analytical chemist to research program will be most effective if he is given the opportunity to participate while the program is being planned. In 1940s several direct reading quantitative spectrophotometers were reported. In these instruments the emitted spectral energy of certain chosen lines is transformed to a proportional electrical output by photomultiplier tubes. By suitable amplification and with appropriate recording devices, percentages of the constituents present are automatically recorded. The outstanding advantage of such equipment is its ability to reduce the time requirement for performing an analysis. New information made available by combining various tools of analytical chemist, has been described in several articles. The methods of analysis used to solve industrial problems may be classified as:- Fully developed, generally accepted methods of analysis. Generally accepted methods which are adapted to make them suitable for the problem. New methods which must be developed when available ones are not adequate. Industrial analysis is defined as the utilization of chemical and physical techniques for solving problems arising in industry. In some industrial processes it is desirable to obtain a very rapid or continuous analysis of a product or mixture. Considerable progress has been made in developing automatic method of analysis to fulfill this need. While it has not often been possible to automate entire procedures, from sampling to recording of results many examples of partly automated analytical operations can be cited. Factors pertinent to evaluation of analytical methods in each of these groups were discussed in the present section. A method of analysis is standard or accepted only in the sense that a number of analysts have judged it to be adequate for obtaining certain analytical information. Ideally, analyst views the standard method as a â€Å"best approach† rather than an obvious solution. If satisfactory results are obtained the method can be applied to the sample under consideration with some assurance that the experimental procedure is not at fault. The analyst himself should perform this part of work even if future measurements will be carried out by technicians or laboratory assistant. Only by performing the manipulation and observing the reaction can the analyst forming thoroughly acquainted with the details of an analytical procedure. The advisable method is when it appears to give satisfactory results, include consideration of interfering elements or compounds and determination of blank. While interferences which prevent a method from working properly are readily detected, those which produce a constant error in the analytical result are much more insidious and seldom apparent. Determination of a blank eliminates possible source of constant errors, such as contaminants in reagents and uncorrected background in instrumental measurements. In many standard methods the design and dimensions of the equipment are critical, particularly when properties of material rather than its composition is being studied. Many modification of an analytical method are possible and each problem or sample dictates the changes required to make the method effective. In some methods modification involves change in equipment or technique. For example, numerous spectrographic procedures have been developed for analyzing the metallic contaminants or additives in lubricating oils. Methods, which fail or suffer loss in sensitivity when certain interferences are present, may sometimes, need to be modified by introducing an additional step in the procedure which eliminates or deactivates the interfering element. Once a procedure has been adapted to a particular problem it may be evaluated in the same manner as a standard method. The usual precautions related to proper manipulation and standardizations, avoiding contamination and blank determinations must be observed. When problem is confronted which cannot be solved with established methods of analysis, it becomes necessary for analyst to create and develop new analytical procedures. This situation arises when any or all of the following factors are in effect. The substance sought has not previously been determined, when no methods are now available for all elements. The substance sought is a component of a mixture not previously analyzed. Any other element or compound present in a mixture may invalidate established methods of analysis by interference effects. Sometimes the component producing the interferences can be eliminated and a modified form of the original procedure can be used, as already described. Higher order of sensitivity is required when component sought is present in small quantity (mg). A method capable of analyzing in desired concentration range must be developed. Problems arising in industry are complicated by sample limitations. Often the sample is available in very small amounts and special techniques are required for gaining maximum information from a minimum quantity of material. Analysis must be non-destructive. At times it is required that the sample remain unaltered by the analytical procedure. For example compositional information on an expensive finished product is required, a non-destructive analytical method. Speed or time is critical requirement when conventional methods cannot complete an analysis within a prescribed time requirement, faster methods must be developed. Analytical Chemistry importance in different scientific areas: Importance of analytical chemistry in related scientific areas can be demonstrated by considering analytical chemistry’s impact on clinical analysis, and in pharmaceutical research and in quality control. Sensitive chemical and instrumental tests were advised in order to detect abnormal and normal components of body fluids. Blood and urine samples are determined for percentage of glucose, urea, nitrogen, protein, sodium, potassium, calcium, uric acid etc. Similarly, the quality of manufactured drug in tablets, solution and emulsion form must be carefully controlled in pharmaceutical industry, otherwise the drug can itself affect the therapeutic value. In other pharmaceutical studies, it is important to establish properties and therapeutic value of a drug before the drug is approved and made available to the public. Analytical Techniques: Few of medicinal products were still being analyzed by time-tested procedures of gravimetric and also titrimetric procedures. A wide diversity in different type of analytical techniques has been characteristic of assay methods for pharmaceutical products. Different analytical techniques were been employed for estimation of wide variety of components in the formulation:- Titrimetric and gravimetric method Colorimetric and UV spectrophotometric method Paper chromatography Preparative thin layer chromatography Column chromatography Ion-exchange chromatography Flame photometry and atomic absorption spectrometry. Variables in Quantitative Analysis: Inhomogeneity of the medicament Sampling error Preparation of samples such as extraction Precision, accuracy and ruggedness of the method Random error including that of the operator. Newer Analytical Techniques: As technology is developing, a number of new drugs are launched in the market and it is essential to develop new methods of analysis. It is necessary to do if; No analytical methods are available for a drug in official books such as pharmacopoeias. No literature reveals methods for estimation of drugs. Analytical method available only for single drug in a combined form of drug. No method reported for the estimation in biological fluids. NEED OF ANALYTICAL APPROACHES IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY The pharmaceutical industry has always had in place a series of process controls which assures the integrity of the end product. â€Å"A simple way of looking at it is that the Food Drugs Act Regulations are merely an auditing mechanism to quantify that industry has sufficient process controls and documented procedures in place to ensure they are in complete control of every aspect related to drug manufacturing,† There are in essence, three pillars to drug manufacturing and distribution: 1. Quality Assurance (QA) 2. Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) 3. Quality Control (QC) Quality Assurance is ensuring that you get what you pay for. It is the insurance policy for the manufacturer.† As a brief overview, the GMPs are part of Quality Assurance and ensure that drugs are produced consistently and are controlled at each and every step. QC is a part of Good Manufacturing Practices and is responsible for sampling and also for testing. It examines and ensures that all aspects of product from raw materials and integrity of the product itself to the packaging materials and insert, meet their specifications. It encompasses testing of the end product and all of its primary ingredients. QA covers documentation of all of the procedures that have taken place from start to finish of entire process. This, in combination with QCs sampling and testing, allows QA to ensure products integrity, purity and potency have not been compromised and it has satisfied all requirements. When QA is completed and satisfactory, the final step is permitted allowing a product to be r eleased for sale to the consumer. But, their job doesn’t stop here. Since Quality Assurance is responsible for assuring that final product is meeting quality, consistency and integrity for its intended use, it must also account for when the product leaves the manufacturing site. Thus, QA is also responsible for ensuring that appropriate arrangements have been made with distributors and warehouses to guarantee that the product is handled, stored and shipped in such a way that its quality is maintained for the duration of its approved shelf life. The overall time required for development of a pharmaceutical from Discovery Research through to the Regulatory Review Phase. There is clear evidence that this can in some cases take upwards of 15 years with costs reaching into millions of dollars. With this level of Research and Development investment, the industry has no intention of allowing a breakdown in final stages of manufacturing and distribution process. Therefore, before a product actually reaches market, QA involvement is also the key in the registration dossier preparation. A portion of this dossier contains a Master Production Document (MPD) which outlines exactly how the product will be manufactured. Within this MPD, a manufacturer defines clear specifications for all raw materials, packaging materials, in-process and finished product along with the sampling procedures and also Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) related to critical processing. The issuing of a Notice of Compliance and a Drug Identification Number are contingent on a complete and acceptable Master Production Document. Then manufacturing license holders are also responsible for conducting an annual self-inspection and documenting their procedures and processes are in compliance with the requirements of the GMPs. If the manufactured product is stored in bottles (syrups), fabricating, packaging/labeling, importation, distribution, wholesale (Schedule C, D, F or G products) or testing of pharmaceutical products must first hold an Establishment License issued by Government. PRESENT STUDY: Development of new drugs, drug manufacturing is dependent on drug analysis. Pharmaceutical companies depend upon drug analysis quantitatively to conform that the raw materials used, in-process compounds and final products manufactured were meeting the required specifications. New drug formulations and new drugs were introduced into the market at increased pace compared to earlier days, as the technology is developed. These formulations and drugs were either new chemical entities or partial structural modifications of existing drugs or new dosage forms. Frequently, it happens that the new drugs inclusion in pharmacopoeias will be delayed because of several reasons. Hence these standards or the analytical methods for these drugs may not be available in pharmacopoeias. Hence it is essential to develop new methods of analysis for these drugs. Based on this, few combinations were selected for the present studies which were currently marketed from Anti Hypertensives17-22, Anti HIV23-35 and Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs36-47. Amlodipine Besylate Telmisartan Lamivudine Zidovudine Thiocolchicoside Etoricoxib Literature survey was performed extensively and it was found that spectrophotometric methods were reported and also HPLC methods were reported for the determination of these drugs from their biological fluids. However, there were no reports found for their quantitation by HPLC methods from their formulations. Hence it is essential to develop newer rapid analytical methods3-16 on HPLC.

Circadian Rhythms: Experiment :: essays research papers

Circadian Rhythms: Experiment Circadian Rhythms are the times of day that you get either hungry, tired, or energetic. This paper is to describe an experiment that I have thought up that will test to see if circadian rhythms differ from people who perceive themselves as night-time people and people who perceive themselves as morning people. What is your hypothesis?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My hypothesis is that night-time people's circadian rhythms are extremely different than morning people's circadian rhythms. What population are you going to study? How will you sample this population?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Participants for my experiment will be ninety-nine undergraduate female students from Iowa State University. Prior to the experiment all participants will have to fill out a questionnaire. This questionnaire will primarily determine if they feel themselves as being either morning or night types of people. Subjects for my experiment will be randomly chosen from these questionnaires. I will select three night-time people and three morning-time people. I will then give each of them a journal. In this journal each subject will write in it the time that they become hungry, or the time that they became tired. They will do this for three days. At the end of the three days they will come back to my laboratory. They will then be put in an isolation booths. In one of the booths there will be a clock that doesn't have the right time on it. In another one there will be a window so that they can see where the sun is. In the third one there will be no windows and no clocks. All they would have is a light bulb in the ceiling. All the booths will have a bed and a bright red button on the far wall. The button will be for ringing. They will ring when they are tired, hungry, or need to use the facilities. My assistants and I will record when they become hungry and when they become tired. They will be in this room for three days. At the end of the three days my assistants and I will make sure that they are all right and can return to the world unharmed. What is your independent variable(s)? What is your dependent variable? How will you measure the dependent variable?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My independent variable will be one of the three that I give a clock and another one that I give a view of where the sun is. The dependent variable will be the one that will be completely isolated. Without sunlight they will not know what time it is and therefore not know when to become tired or hungry.